Become a Doctor in India

Become a Doctor in India : Medical Education System in India Overview

Become a doctor and change your life and people around you. Perhaps, there is no other career which commands such a respect and awe as medicine. The power to heal has placed the medical profession several rungs above all others. A doctor’s profession involves a lot of hard work with a good degree of dedication and at the same time, it also brings with it the satisfaction of having cured people suffering from illness, disease and trauma.

A simple degree in medicine is however not enough for making a successful and a satisfactory career. One needs to do specialization in any of the branches of medicine or surgery to become a specialist of certain kind e.g. Pediatrics, Ophthalmology, Gynecology, Surgery, Neurosurgery, Neonatology etc.

 Medical Apex Bodies of India
These are the apex Bodies that governs the Medical Profession and allied services in the country.

• Medical Council of India (MCI)
• Dental Council of India (DCI)
• Pharmacy Council of India (PCI)
• Veterinary Council of India (VCI)
• National Board of Examination (NAT Board)

Basic Pattern of Medical Courses

• Undergraduate Courses
• Postgraduate Courses
• Super Specialty Courses

MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery)
This program is a 5 ½ years course divided into three professionals of three semesters each. A semester comprises of 18 months. A wide range of subjects like anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, pathology, pharmacology, forensic medicine, general medicine, surgery, ophthalmology, ENT (ear, nose, throat), gynecology, orthopedics as well as preventive and social medicine are taught. The last 1 year is devoted to compulsory rotating internship.

BDS (Bachelor of Dental Sciences)
This program is of 4 years duration followed by 1 year compulsory rotating internship. A wide range of courses like basic anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology and microbiology are taught. Specialization in dentistry and hands-on-practice are during the two final semesters.

BHMS (Bachelor of Homoeopathic Medicine & Surgery)
This program is of 5 ½ years duration including one year compulsory internship. The Homoeopathic Education in India is presently monitored by the National Institute of Homoeopathy, which is a statutory Central Government body.

BAMS (Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery)
This program is of 5 ½ years duration. The Ayurvedic Education in India is presently being monitored by the Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM), which is a statutory Central Government body.

BUMS (Bachelor of Unani Medicine & Surgery)
This program is an undergraduate degree course in Unani Medicine & Surgery. The Unani Education in India is being monitored by the Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM), which is a statutory Central Government body.

BVSc. & AH (Bachelor of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry)
This programme is a 5 ½ years course in Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry. The Veterinary education in India is being monitored by the Veterinary Council of India.

B. Pharm. (Bachelor of Pharmacy)
This program is a 4 years degree course in pharmacy. The course prepares eligible professionals for pharmaceutical industry. These professionals are in great demand in India and abroad. The monitoring work is being carried out by the Pharmacy Council of India.

B. Sc. – Nursing (Bachelor of Science in Nursing)
The duration of B.Sc. nursing course varies between 3 to 4 years. Specialization in Operation Theatre, Cardiac Care and surgery are also available. In India, Nursing Council of India is the Governing body for this program.

BPT (Bachelor of Physiotherapy)
This program is a graduate degree course offered by different medical colleges of the country. During the course, one learns the scientific procedures used in the treatment of a patient with disability, disease or injury to achieve and maintain functional rehabilitation .This program also focuses on prevention of malfunction or deformity.

BOT (Bachelor of Occupational Therapy)
This program is a graduate degree course in occupational therapy which is offered by different medical institutes of the country. The programme prepares professional therapists who help people with physical or mental disabilities in achieving maximum functioning and independence at home and at the workplace.

BMLT (Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Technology)
The B.Sc. programme in medical laboratory technology is offered by differed medical colleges/institutions across the country. The degree awarded is B.Sc.-M.L.T. The medical technologists are an integral part of the medical profession These professionals get involved in practical and technical work to aid correct diagnosis and in the functioning of Biochemical Laboratories.

Postgraduate Courses

MD (Doctor of Medicine)
This program is 3 years course that leads to postgraduate degree in medicine. Doctors possessing MBBS degree are eligible to for this course. This program is a specialized program in general medicine. A doctor after successful completion of this course is eligible to work as a Physician.

MS (Master of Surgery)
This program is 3 years course that leads to postgraduate degree in surgery. Doctors possessing MBBS degree are eligible to for this course. A doctor after successful completion of this course is eligible to work as Surgeon.

Post Graduate Diploma
Post Graduate diploma program in medicine is offered by various medical colleges or institutions across the country for MBBS degree holders. The duration of the program varies from 2 to 3 years.

Super Specialty Courses

DM / MCh
DM is a super specialty program in medicine of 2 to 3 years duration. The entry requirement for this course is MD (Doctor of Medicine)

M.Ch is a 2 years super specialty program in surgery. The entry requirement for this course is MS (Master of Surgery)

General Procedure for Admissions to Under Graduate Courses
Medical colleges in India all private as well as government medical institutes, for admissions, follow the eligibility criteria prescribed by their respective university. However, in general terms the candidates seeking admission to a medical college should have passed Senior Secondary Examination of CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education) or its equivalent with physics, chemistry, and Biology.

Most of the Government Medical Colleges offer admissions to Indian students on the basis of their performance in a competitive entrance test; however, few Government Medical Colleges have some quota for NRI/Foreign students. The NRI/Foreign students willing to get admission in a medical college or university/ institute may contact the concerned authority directly for procedural details.

Different state boards conduct entrance exams for admission in the medical colleges and hospitals on behalf of the state government. Various autonomous medical colleges and hospitals also conduct their own entrance test examination for entry.

Education Qualification: 10+2 or equivalent with physics, chemistry and biology from any recognized Indian board.

Entrance Exam: The candidates have to appear in the written entrance examination for admission in the medical colleges and hospital as suggested by the entrance exam conducting board. A candidate may also have to appear in the interview test / personality test etc. if asked by the examination conducting board.

The exact pattern of entrance examination, syllabus and interview/personality test (if any) is published by the board in the information brochure which is made available on sale with the application form.

Result: The merit list of the successful candidates who are eligible for admission is declared by the board of examination.
Final Selection: Candidates are called for counselling by the concerned authority; where one has to go for the submission of certificates, course fee, physical tests etc.

After successful completion of the process as fixed by the concerned board an aspiring candidate can take admission in the medical college and hospital allotted by the board leading to a medical degree.

Entry Requirements (Eligibility Criteria)
Candidates who have passed 10+2 exam with physics, chemistry and biology(Zoology & Botany) are eligible for admission into MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery) course. Selection for the course is through all India competitive entrance examination or state level competitive entrance examination.

The all India entrance exam conducted by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), New Delhi. And state level entrance exam is conducted by the designated authority of the state for the purpose. Candidate must be an Indian National for admission through All India Entrance Exam or where of the concerned state where he/she wants to take admission.

There are also separate examinations conducted by various deemed universities and autonomous organisations for the purpose of medical education and training.

Medical Entrance Examination
Admission in the different medical colleges and hospitals of the country for the purpose of producing medical professionals is done through various entrance examinations. These entrance examinations are conducted by the conducting boards or organizations at All India Level or State Level.

The purpose of conducting these entrance examinations is selection of candidates for admission in the different medicine courses available in different medical colleges & hospitals at diploma, degree, post-diploma, postgraduate degree and research level.

Generally the entrance examination for admission in the diploma and degree courses is held separately at all India level and state level. However, the entrance examination for admission in the post graduate degree and research programmes is done on an all India basis or state basis.

If one figures in the merit list of an entrance examination , he/she is placed on a platform from where one can choose a number of career options available in the field of medicine.

A candidate willing to take admission in any medical college and hospital of the country can choose to appear in any of the medical entrance examinations.

Some of the Important Medical Entrance Examinations
All India Pre Medical Test (AIPMT)
All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS)
Armed Forces Medical Core Entrance (AFMC)
Aligarh Muslim University (AMU)
Annamalai University (AU) – Medical Entrance Exam
All India Pre-Veterinary Test (AIPVT)
Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS) MBBS & BDS Entrance Test
Association of Management of Unaided Private Medical and Dental Colleges-(Asso-CET)
Banaras Hindu University-Pre Medical Test (BHU-PMT)
Bharati Vidyapeeth University (BVU-CET)
Combined Entrance Examination (CEE), Kerala
Consortium of Medical, Engineering and Dental Colleges of Karnataka (COMEDK)
Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore
Common Entrance Test (CET)-Jammu & Kashmir
Common Entrance Test (CET)-Karnataka
Common Entrance Test (CET), Punjab University
Delhi University Medical-Dental Entrance Test (DUMET)
Directorate of Medical Education and Research (DMER), Maharashtra
Engg., Agriculture & Medical Common Entrance Test (EAMCET)
Gujarat Common Entrance Test (GUJCET)
Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University MBBS Entrance Test (GGSIPU-CET)
H.P. Combined Pre-Medical Entrance Test
Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry (JIPMER)
Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital – BDS – Joint Entrance Test (JET)
Maharashtra Health Science & Technical Common Entrance Test (MHT-CET)
Maharashtra Super Speciality Entrance Test (MH-SSET)
Meenakshi Academy Of Higher Education And Research (MAHER)
Masters in Medical Sciences Technology (MMST)
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Competitive Entrance Examination (MGIMS-CEE)
PGMAT- Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board
Pre Medical Test (PMT)-Haryana
Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences -All India Common Entrance Test
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh
Pre Medical Test (PMT), Rajasthan
PG Medical Entrance Test, Jammu& Kashmir
Punjab Medical Entrance Test (PMET) – Punjab
Uttaranchal Pre-Medical Test (UPMT)
Uttar Pradesh Combined Pre Medical Test (UPCPMT)
Uttar Pradesh Common Admission Test – Dental (UPCAT – Dental)
Undergraduate Admission Written Test (UG AWT)
UP Post Graduate Medical Entrance Examination (UPPGMEE)

Specializations in Different Streams of Medical
Specializations in different streams of medicine are available in a number of disciplines. We are discussing in general a few of them here.

Medicine: 
An MBBS doctor who specializes in medicine and acquires an MD (Doctor of Medicine) degree becomes physician. A physician job is to understand patient’s problems, study the results of clinical tests, diagnosing the illness and then prescribing the course of treatment.

Pediatrics: 
A medical doctor who specializes in Pediatrics is called Pediatrician. A pediatrician deals with the children’s health from newborn to adolescents. A pediatrician diagnoses and conducts treatment of the disease peculiar to children.

Cardiology: 
Cardiology deals with disorders of the heart. A Cardiologist performs specialized work like angiography, angioplasty etc.

Obstetrics and Gynecology: 
Obstetricians and Gynecologists diagnose and treat the disorders in female reproductive organs. Obstetricians and Gynecologists also conduct operations like caesarian, laparoscopies and hysteroscopies. These specialists also deal with ovarian cancer and other illnesses related to reproductive systems.

Neurosurgery: 
Neurosurgery is the surgical discipline focused on treating the central and peripheral nervous system. Neurosurgical conditions include primarily brain and spinal cord disorders. The medical doctors specialized in this field are called Neurosurgeons.

Orthopedics: 
Orthopedic surgeons deal with illness of the skeletal structure. They diagnose and treat fractures and disorders of the skeletal frame. An orthopedic suggests therapies and exercise for patients which are conducted by Physiotherapists.

Ophthalmologists: 
Ophthalmologists diagnose and conduct treatment for the diseased human eye. Ophthalmologists are trained to conduct surgeries of the eye, operations for the removal of cataract, treatment of glaucoma and other such diseases and infections of the eye.

Psychiatry: 
A medical doctor who has specialized in Psychiatry is called Psychiatrist. A psychiatrist treats mental, emotional or behavioral disorders.

Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka

Deemed University (College/Institute)
Deemed University is a status of autonomy (independence) granted to high performing institutes and departments of various universities in India. It is granted by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India.

The Deemed University status enables not just full autonomy in setting course work and syllabus of those institutes and research centers but also allows it to set its own guidelines for the admissions, fees and instruction of the students, and they can conduct their own entrance exams for the admissions in the courses which they are offering.

The parent Universities of these deemed universities cannot control its administration, though the degrees of deemed universities are awarded by the parent universities. However many deemed universities are allowed to award degrees under their own name.

Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka
The Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka established under section 3 of UGC Act 1956, Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India; and included in the list of Universities in terms of rules framed under the said Act. The Deemed Medical Insitutions of Karnataka conducts their own Entrance Examination for the seletion of their students in various courses they offering and the students are selected on the basis of merit and counseling.

There are MBBS as well as PG Courses available for admission in the below mentioned deemed medical colleges Karnataka.

List of Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka

Name of the Medical College	Location	YOE	Management	Seats
				MBBS	PG	DM	MCh
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College	Belgaum	1963	Trust	200	172	004	005
JSS Medical College	Mysore	1984	Trust	150	140	---	---
KS Hegde Medical Academy	Mangalore	1999	Trust	150	069	---	---
Kasturba Medical College	Mangalore	1955	Trust	250	139	---	---
Kasturba Medical College	Manipal	1953	Trust	250	169	005	004
NIMHANS	Bangalore	1925	Govt.	---	057	016	014
Shri BM Patil Medical College	Bijapur	1986	Trust	150	068	---	001
Sri Devaraj URS Medical College	Kolar	1986	Trust	150	081	---	---
Sri Siddhartha Medical College	Tumkur	1988	Trust	150	051	---	---
Yenepoya Medical College	Mangalore	1999	Trust	150	053	---	---

There are 1600 UG & 1000 PG seats available for admission in the deemed medical institutions Karnataka. All of these courses and degrees obtained from the above mentioned Deemed medical colleges Karnataka are recognized by MCI.

Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum
Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka has a top of the mind institution by the name of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College is in Belgaum . Belgaum district is the fifth largest city in the state of Karnataka, India. Can be reached by train, bus & air. The deemed Medical College is under the management of Karnataka Lingayat Education Society. KLE Society is the sponsoring society of the KLE University.

“The KLE University has been declared a Deemed University in April, 2006 under section 3 of the UGC Act 1957 MHRD, Government of India.”

Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College is one of the 2 deemed medical colleges Karnataka having MBBS (UG), MD (PG), MS (PG), PG Diploma, DM (Super Speciality) & MCh (Super Speciality) Courses.

JSS Medical College & Hospital, Mysore
Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka list contains a reputed institution in the famous city of Mysore, known by the name of  JSS Medical College & Hospital is in Mysore, Karnataka. From the Academic year 2008-2009 JSS Medical College has become a constituent college of the JSS University (Established under Section-3 of UGC Act in 2008) a Deemed to Be University. The origin and the force behind the deemed medical institution is Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Mahavidyapeetha  (JSSMVP).

“JSSMVP sponsored by Jagadguru Sri Veerasimhasana Math, a religious monastery situated at Suttur in Mysore District of Karnataka State.”

The courses conducted in this college present in the list of deemed medical colleges in Karnataka are MBBS, MD, MS & PG Diploma.

KS Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore
Deemed Medical colleges Karnataka list cannot miss K S Hegde Medical Academy established in 1999, at Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka. The medical college is under Nitte University (Declared as Deemed to be University under section 3 of UGC Act 1956).

“The deemed institution is under the management of Nitte Education Trust. The Trust has many educational institutions in Karnataka attracting students from all over India and abroad.”

The university has Medical Sciences Complex at Deralakatte, Mangalore and campuses at Nitte and Bangalore. The courses conducted in this deemed medical college are MBBS, MD, MS & PG Diploma.

Kasturba Medical College, Manipal & Mangalore
Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka contains the ever in demand Kasturba Medical College set up in 1953 in Manipal, & 1955 in Mangalore, the first private medical college in Karnataka.

"From the year 1993, MAHE was accorded a deemed university status under Section 3 of the UGC Act 1956, by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. Of the 2 deemed institutions in Karnataka"

The one at Manipal is having MBBS (UG), MD (PG), MS (PG), PG Diploma, DM (Super Speciality) & MCh (Super Speciality) Courses.And the other at Mangalore only has UG & PG seats but no super specialities.

Manipal University institutions in Manipal and Mangalore are the most sought after and top educational deemed medical institution in Karnataka and India.

National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro-Sciences, Bangalore
Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka also has National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences (NIMHANS) is a multidisciplinary academic, research and health care institute in Brain – Mind – Behavior axis is in Bangalore, Karnataka. In the year 1974 an amalgamation took place between ‘All India Institute of Mental Health and Government Hospital of Mental Care and thus formed National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences to run autonomously.

"In the year 1994 on November 14, NIMHANS was declared a Deemed University by the University Grants Commission, with academic autonomy."

The Institute functions under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Karnataka.

The courses offered in National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro-Sciences are Post Graduation and Super Specialities. There is NO MBBS courses offered.

Shri B M Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Bijapur
Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka list has an institution in the historic city of Bijapur by the name Shri B M Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre came into existence in Bijapur, Karnataka in the year 1986.  Bijapur is strategically near to the people of Maharashtra, Goa and Andhra Pradesh. The deemed university institution is under the management of BLDE Association a private trust of Karnataka. BLDE stands for Bijapur Lingayat Development Education Association.

“In the year 2009, the educational institution became a Deemed to be University under Section 3 of the UGC Act 1956, MHRD, Government of India.”

Founders of B.L.D.E. Association are late Dr. P. G. Halakatti, His Holiness Shri Banthanal Swamiji & Sri B. M. Patil. The courses conducted in BLDE institution present in the list of deemed medical colleges Karnataka are MBBS, MD, MS & PG Diploma.

Sri Devaraj URS Medical College, Kolar
Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka list has the prestigious college by name Sri Devaraju Urs Medical College established in the year 1986 in Tamaka Village, Kolar, Karnataka. From Benguluru, it is only 75 Kms. Easily reachable by train or bus. The deemed institution comes under the aegis of Sri Devaraju Urs Educational Trust for Backward Classes of Karnataka.

“In the year 2007, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College became a Deemed to be University declared under section 3 of UGC Act, 1956, MHRD, Government of India.”

The deemed institution accredited by NAAC and certified by ISO 9001-2000. The courses conducted in this deemed institution are MBBS, MD, MS & PG Diploma.

Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumkur
Deemed Medical Colleges Karnataka List has an institution in Tumkur, Sri Siddhartha Medical College (SSMC) started in the year 1988 in Karnataka by Sri Siddhartha Educational Society (SSES) founded by late Sri H M Gangadhariah. Sri Siddhartha Medical College is the constituent college of Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education.

“In the year 2008, the educational institution declared as Deemed to be University under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 by MHRD, Govt. of India.”

The deemed university institution and hospital is in Tumkur city, Karnataka – 76 Km from Bangalore and is well-connected by road and railway. The courses conducted in this deemed institution of Karnataka are MBBS, MD, MS & PG Diploma.

Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore
Deemed Medical Colleges Karnataka list has the first private university in the district of Dakshin Kannada, Yenepoya Medical College is started in the year 1999 by the Islamic Academy of Education. It claims to be a philanthropic Muslim Minority Trust, situated at Deralakatte , 15 km from the city of Mangalore.

"In the year 2008, this educational institute is declared as Deemed to be University under Section 3 of the UGC Act 1956, MHRD, Government of India.”

In this Deemed Institution of Karnataka MBBS, MD, MS & PG Diploma Courses are offered. The institutions managed by the Yenepoya Trust includes, among others, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya Institute of Nursing Sciences, Yenepoya Nursing College and Yenepoya Physiotherapy College.

Entrance Exam of the Deemed Medical Colleges in Karnataka

Generally the entrance examinations of the deemed medical colleges in Karnataka for UG (MBBS) is conducted in May and fot the PG (MD, MS & PG Diploma) is conducted in month of February. The students and aspirants for admission in Karnataka are advised to start looking for advertisements of PG Entrance Examination from the month of December and for UG entrance from the month of February.

Name of the Medical College	UG Entrance	PG Entrance
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum	May	January
JSS Medical College, Mysore	May	February
KS Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore	May	February
Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore	March	January
Kasturba Medical College, Manipal	March	January
National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences, Bangelore	---	February
Shri B M Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Bijapur	May	February
Sri Devaraj URS Medical College, Kolar	May	February
Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumkur	May	February
Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore	May	February

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MCI Permitted Vs Recognition

Permitted Medical Colleges/Seats
The Medical Educational Institution (Medical College) is inspected by the medical authorities (MCI) of the government of India to know whether the institution is worthy enough to be given permission to admit eligible students to study MBBS course. After inspection if MCI finds the facilities and the faculty of the educational institution (Medical College) are up to the MCI set standards   -

"The medical authorities (MCI) give permission to the medical college to start admitting  students into MBBS course. While doing so, the medical authorities (MCI) give permission for 100 seats to the institution (Medical College). These 100 seats are known as Permitted seats & such Medical Colleges are called Permitted Medical Colleges."

Recognized Medical Colleges/Seats
Once the Medical Educational Institution (Medical College) is permitted to admit 100 students to study MBBS for a total duration of 5 & half years, of which 4 & half years are classroom studies followed by 1 year of compulsory internship. And later after completion of the duration of 5 & half years, the medical authorities (MCI) of the government of India give this medical educational institution recognized status -

"The reason being that the first batch of 100 students have successfully completed the medical course with a graduate degree as per rules & regulations of the university and the norms set by Medical Council of India. Hence, after 5 & half years the permitted seats will be known as recognized seats & these type of Medical Educational Institutions are called Recognized Medical Colleges."

The conclusion is that once a new medical college is incepted. The seats beginning from the year of the first batch of admitted students and till the release of same batch of students up to the tenure of 5 & half years are known as permitted seats and later after 5 & half years the same seats are known as recognized seats.

The aspirants looking forward to pursue MBBS course are advised – try to admit in a recognized seat instead of a permitted seat. A recognized seat assures all kinds of eligibility for jobs and higher studies with a better faculty and facilities.